The article presents the phenomenon of affiliating the foraging groups (Danites, Idumaeans) to the virtual Israel, by the Jewish elites (Biblical authors, Josephus Flavius), as well as excluding others from it (in Ezra and Deut. 7:1-8). These processes are discussed in the light of pragmatic actions undertaken by the Judean elites. The conclusions drawn from the presentation point to the fact that religious aspects–present in the inclusion and exclusion accounts–are used merely superficially, because the real reasons based on political calculations. The article highlights also the hypothesis, according to which the discussed phenomenon of readiness to exclude and include certain groups from and in Israel proves to the lack of fixed, and unchangeable limits of such group as Israel. The
very sense of Israel, and its limits, was treated dynamically, and was subject to changes, depending to the political circumstances....
Abstract:
Digital imaging techniques have found wide usage for documenting archaeological work. On some occasions, the use of specialised techniques yields results that differ from traditional digital photography or videography. In this presentation I am presenting two techniques that appear to require an introduction for polish archaeologists. Reflective Transformation Imaging (RTI or PTM - Polynomial Texture Mapping) is very efficient for documenting and analysing carved and relief bearing monuments. PTM uses a series of images and transforms them into a single image file. This allows the researcher to record an object in different lighting conditions and use a computer to transform the light while viewing. This enables very precise documentation of the surface features of the heritage object that then facilitates further archaeological analysis. Another use of serial imagery is taking slow motion digital videos in experimental archaeological documentation. The technique allows archaeologists to observe and document dynamic phenomena that are difficult to observe with the naked eye.
Abstrakty ( hiszpański )
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Las técnicas de toma de imágenes digitales han encontrado una amplia aplicación en la documentación del trabajo arqueológico. En algunas ocasiones el uso de las técnicas especializadas aporta resultados que difieren de los de la fotografía digital tradicional o la videografía. En el presente artículo se comentan dos técnicas que parecen requerir una introducción para los arqueólogos polacos. La técnica de Reflective Transformation Imaging (RTI, Imágenes de Transformación Reflectiva, o Polynomial Texture Mapping, PTM, Mapeamento de Textura Polinomial) es muy eficaz en la documentación y el análisis de los monumentos escultóricos o decorados con relieves. El PTM aprovecha una serie de imágenes y las transforma en un archivo de imagen único. Esto permite al investigador grabar un objeto en diferentes condiciones de luz y usar el ordenador para transformar la luz durante la visualización. De esta manera es posible conseguir una documentación muy precisa de las características de la superficie de los objetos de patrimonio cultural, lo cual facilita un análisis arqueológico posterior. Otro uso de la imaginería en serie consiste en aprovechar los vídeos digitales a cámara lenta en la documentación arqueológica digital. Dicha técnica permite a los arqueólogos observar y documentar los fenómenos dinámicos que son difíciles de observar a simple vista....
Gilewski, Michał(Pracowania Badań Historycznych i Archeologicznych Pomost, 2016)
In this paper, I discuss digital slow motion videography as a method of
recording rapidly occurring phenomena that are similar to past dynamic processes.
Slow motion videography has already seen use in documenting archaeological
experiments. In the past, this required expensive equipment and film. Only very
recently has this type of imaging become possible with consumer grade digital cameras
therefore allowing it to be utilized by archaeologists much more often, for example to
improve our understanding of stone tool making gestures. Until recently, slow motion
recordings were primarily used to demonstrate or facilitate an adequate, reflective
perception of experiment. However, today, digital media enables more varied footage-
based research through multiple recordings, video enhancement and integration of
data into computer databases and sharing and learning networks....
Synteza historii Danii w XX i początku XXI w. W rozdziale I skrót dziejów Danii w XVIII i XIX w. Synteza uwzględnia najważniejsze wydarzenia historii Danii w XX wieku, z naciskiem na historię społeczną i rozwój duńskiego modelu państwa dobrobytu....
Social studies and anthropology, based on ethnographical research, take for granted the role of large populous groups in defining ethnicity. Self-definitions of the group, as well as definition by others, are interpreted as the central issues regarding large groups. The paper aims to argue for the key-role of elite groups in self-identification and ethnic creation. Small groups of elite, by defining their own “ethnicity” decided it for larger groups. This hypothesis will be tested and illustrated by test cases of ethnogenesis in Iron Age Palestine....